halusin varta vasten Galileassa kulkea bussitien Akkosta safediin, koska sitä hyvin harvan kerran olen mennyt eläissäni, ehkä alle 5 kertaa joitain teitä. Nyt bussi meni korkean vuoren rinteen kaupungin Raman kautta. iso kaupunki, josta itse asiassa en tiennyt mitään. karmielin kyllä tiesin, koska siellä olin piipahtanut Rosen kanssa.
Nyt katson enemmän tietoa Rama- kaupungista, joka oli lähellä Karmielia.
UT mainitsi Jeesuksen ja apostolien kulkeneen Galileassa kaikissa kylissä ja synagogissa, joten vanhoja kyliä on varmaisti aivan koko galilean alueella.
Entä tämä Rama? Mikä on sen juutalainen historia? Arvelen tätä kaupunkia Naftalin alueen Rameh- kapungiksi.
http://www.bible-history.com/faussets/R/Rama/
Rama sana sinänsä tarkoitaa korkeaa paikkaa ja sitä totisesti tämä Ylä-galilean Rama kaupunki on, kerroksittain ylenevä. Rama Alef, Rama Beit, Rama Gimel, Rama keskusta.
Fausset selittää näitä RAMA- paikkoja täten englanniksi :
Rama
RAMA or RAMAH ("an elevated spot".)
1. In Benjamin (Jeremiah 31:15; Matthew 2:18). The cry of the weeping mothers and of Rachel is poetically represented as heard as far as Rama, on the E. side of the N. road between Jerusalem and Bethel; Rama where Nebuzaradan gathered the captive Jews to take them to Babylon. Not far from Gibeah of Saul (1 Samuel 22:6; Hosea 5:8; Isaiah 10:28-32). Now Er Ram, five miles from Jerusalem (Judges 4:5; Judges 19:13; Joshua 18:25). There is an Er Ram one mile and a half E. of Bethlehem; but explain Jeremiah 31:15 as above.
Baasha fortified it, to prevent his subjects from going S. to Jerusalem to the great feasts, and so joining the kingdom of Judah (1 Kings 15:17-21; 2 Chronicles 16:1-5). (See BAASHA; ASA.) The coincidence is dear between Rama's being built by Israel, its overthrow by Judah, and the emigration from Israel to Judah owing to Jeroboam's idolatry (1 Kings 12:26; 2 Chronicles 11:14-17); yet the events are named separately, and their connection only inferred by comparison of distinct passages, a minute proof of genuineness. Its people returned after the captivity (Ezra 2:26; Nehemiah 7:30). The Rama, Nehemiah 11:33, was further W.
2. The house of Elkanah, Samuel's father (1 Samuel 1:19; 1 Samuel 2:11). Samuel's birthplace, residence, and place of burial. Here he built an altar to Jehovah (1 Samuel 7:17; 1 Samuel 8:4; 1 Samuel 15:34; 1 Samuel 16:13; 1 Samuel 19:18; 1 Samuel 25:1; 1 Samuel 28:3). Contracted from Ramathaim Zophim, in Mount Ephraim (which included under its name the northern parts of Benjamin, Bethel, and Ataroth: 2 Chronicles 13:19; 2 Chronicles 15:8; Judges 4:5; 1 Samuel 1:1). Muslim, Jewish, and Christian tradition places Samuel's home on the height Neby Samwil, four miles N.W. of Jerusalem, than which it is loftier. Arculf (A.D. 700) identifies it as "Saint Samuel."
The professed tomb is a wooden box; below it is a cave excavated like Abraham's burial place at Hebron, from the rock, and dosed against entrance except by a narrow opening in the top, through which pilgrims pass their lamps and petitions to the sacred vault beneath. The city where Samuel anointed Saul (1 Samuel 9-10) was probably not Samuel's own city Rama, for the city of Saul's anointing was near Rachel's sepulchre adjoining Bethlehem (1 Samuel 10:2), whereas Mount Ephraim wherein was Ramathaim Zophim did not reach so far S. Near Neby Samwil, the probable site of Samuel's Rama, is the well of Sechu to which Saul came on his way to Rama, now "Samuel's fountain" near Beit Isku. Beit Haninah (probably Naioth) is near (1 Samuel 19:18-24). Hosea (Hosea 5:8) refers to Rama. The appended "Zophim" distinguishes it from Rama of Benjamin. Elkanah's ancestor Zuph may have been the origin of the "Zophim."
3. A fortress of Naphtali in the mountainous region N.W. of the sea, of Galilee. Now Rameh, eight miles E.S.E. of Safed, on the main track between Akka and the N. of the sea of Galilee, on the slope of a lofty hill.
4. On Asher's boundary between Tyre and Sidon; a Rama is still three miles E. of Tyre.
5. Ramoth Gilead (2 Kings 8:29; 2 Chronicles 22:6).
6. Re-occupied by Benjamin on the return from Babylon (Nehemiah 11:33). Identified by Grove with Ramleh.
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History
Edward Robinson identifies Rameh with the ancient Ramah of Asher (Joshua 19:29), citing its location and ancient sarcophagi discovered on a hill outside the village as evidence.[3]The village is situated on an ancient site, atop a hill at the edge of Beit HaKerem Valley. To the east are remains of Roman baths, dating to the 2nd to 4th century, and oil presses from the same period. South and southeast are remains of buildings foundations, including an Aramaic inscription on a lintel, which indicate a 3rd to 4th century synagogue. To the northeast of the Roman bath are the remains of a large basilica. This was excavated in 1972, and very large column bases were found, together with polychrome mosaics representing fauna and flora.[4]
Many remains of pottery vessels dated to the Late Roman period (fourth–fifth centuries CE) have also been found,[5] together with building remains from the Byzantine period.[6] Rameh was a major town during the rule of the Crusaders.[citation needed]
Ottoman era
In 1517, Rameh was with the rest of Palestine incorporated into the Ottoman Empire after it was captured from the Mamluks, and by 1596, it was a village under the administration of the nahiya ("subdistrict") of Akka, (Liwa ("District") of Safad), with a population of 96 households, all Muslim. It paid taxes on silk spinning (dulab harir),[7] goats, beehives, and a press that was used for processing either olives or grapes, in addition to paying a fixed, or lump sum.[8]A map from Napoleon's invasion of 1799 by Pierre Jacotin showed the place, named as "Ramah".[9] The French explorer Victor Guérin visited the village in 1875, and found it to have 800 inhabitants, half Christian and half Druze.[10]
In 1881 the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it as "a village, built of stone, of good materials, containing a Greek chapel and about 600 Christians and 500 Druzes; it is situated in plains, with large olive-groves, gardens and vineyards; five perennial springs near the village, and several cisterns in it."[11]
A population list from about 1887 showed that er Rameh had about 1,125 inhabitants; 425 Druze, 125 Greek Catholic Christians and 575 Muslims.[12]
British Mandate era
It was one of the largest villages in the Galilee during the period of Ottoman Empire control. In 1923, Rameh became the first village in Palestine to receive self-governing status granted by the British Mandate and had the largest olive orchards in the area. It was granted permission to self-govern through a village council.[13]In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Al Rameh had a total population 847, 28 Muslims, 624 Christians, and 195 Druze.[14] Of the Christians, 474 were Orthodox, 47 Catholics, 102 Greek Catholic (Melchite) and 1 Maronite.[15] This had increased in the 1931 census of Palestine, when Er Rama had 254 houses, with a total population of 1142. Of these, 70 were Muslim, 746 Christians, and 326 Druze.[16]
In 1945 Er Rama had a population of 1,690; 90 Muslims, 1,160 Christians and 440 "others"(=Druze),[17] with 24,516 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.[18] Of this, 8,310 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 3,078 used for cereals,[19] while 56 dunams were built-up land.[20]
State of Israel
It was captured by Haganah forces in 1948, becoming a part of Israel, and later achieving local council status in 1954.[citation needlÖYDÄN rAMEH KAUPUNKIA KOSKEVISTA ARKEOLOGISISTA LÖYDÖISTÄ ARTIKKELIN,
Talia Shayn arkeologisista tutkimuksista löydettävissä
1976 - Zaferis, V. and T. Shay. Excavations at Kafr er-Rameh.
Kadmoniot
34-35:83-85.
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